Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a disorder of glucose metabolism. It is a complex process involving the regulation of insulin\nsecretion, insulin sensitivity, gluconeogenesis, and glucose uptake at the cellular level. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is\none of the debilitating complications that is present in approximately 50% of diabetic patients. It is the primary cause of\ndiabetes-related hospital admissions and nontraumatic foot amputations. The pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy is a complex\nprocess that involves hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and altered polyol metabolism that changes the nerve\nmicrovasculature, altered growth factor support, and deregulated lipid metabolism. Recent literature has reported that there are\nseveral heterogeneous groups of susceptible genetic loci which clearly contribute to the development of DPN. Several studies\nhave reported that some patients with prediabetes develop neuropathic complications, whereas others demonstrated little\nevidence of neuropathy even after long-standing diabetes. There is emerging evidence that genetic factors may contribute to the\ndevelopment of DPN. This paper aims to provide an up-to-date review of the susceptible and prognostic genetic factors\nassociated with DPN. An extensive survey of the scientific literature published in PubMed using the search terms ââ?¬Å?Diabetic\nperipheral neuropathy/geneticsââ?¬Â and ââ?¬Å?genome-wide association studyââ?¬Â was carried out, and the most recent and relevant\nliterature were included in this review.
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